Treatment for aortic aneurysms depends mainly on two factors: the size of the aneurysm and the rate at which it is growing.
Monitoring and management
When the aneurysm is small and is not causing any symptoms, healthcare providers usually recommend periodic check-ups using ultrasound or CT scans. In addition, good blood pressure control, quitting smoking, and adopting a healthy lifestyle are recommended. The goal is to reduce the risk of the aneurysm growing or rupturing.
Different treatment options
Traditionally, the definitive treatment was open surgery. In this procedure, an incision is made in the abdomen or chest, the damaged segment of the aorta is removed, and replaced with an artificial graft (a type of tube made of durable material). It is a very effective technique, but it involves a slower recovery and a higher surgical risk, especially in elderly people or those with other associated conditions.
In recent years, the most commonly used technique has been endovascular repair. Instead of opening the abdomen or chest, a special prosthesis—called an endoprosthesis or stent graft—is introduced through an artery in the groin, guiding it to the affected area. Once in place, the stent reinforces the aortic wall from the inside and reduces the risk of the aneurysm rupturing.
This procedure is less invasive, usually requires a shorter hospital stay, and allows for a faster recovery. However, not all patients are candidates, as the indication depends on the shape and location of the aneurysm, and may require periodic check-ups to ensure the prosthesis is functioning correctly.
The future of aortic aneurysm treatment
Currently, the treatment of aortic aneurysms is based on a personalized approach: active surveillance for small aneurysms and surgical techniques—open or endovascular—for higher-risk cases. The most appropriate treatment is determined by expert professionals in tertiary care hospital settings, using cutting-edge technology and highly specialized teams.
Thanks to medical advances, endovascular surgery has significantly improved the safety and quality of life for many patients. However, prevention remains key: controlling blood pressure, avoiding tobacco use, and getting regular check-ups are the best tools for avoiding the risks associated with aortic aneurysms.
