6-minute Walk test (6MWT)

The test determines exercise tolerance in patients with respiratory, cardiac, neuromuscular or systemic diseases. It is useful for: 

• Assessing the patient's functional capacity, i.e., the ability to carry out daily activities. 

• Measure the response to medical or rehabilitation treatment. 

• Establish a clinical prognosis in chronic diseases. 

• Make decisions about whether to use oxygen therapy or other therapeutic interventions. 

The test is performed in a straight hallway of at least 30 m in length. Two cones are placed at either end between which the patient has to walk for 6 minutes as fast as possible, without running and within their capabilities. The aim is to cover the greatest distance in that time without any long pauses, although stopping is permitted if necessary. 

During the procedure, healthcare personnel record clinical parameters such as: 

• The patient's perceived sensation of dyspnoea (shortness of breath). 

• Heart rate and blood pressure. 

• Oxygen saturation using a pulse oximeter. 

• The distance covered at the end of the 6 minutes. 

Preparation is simple. You should: 

• Eat a light meal and take your usual medication. 

• Avoid heavy meals and strenuous exercise for 2 hours beforehand. 

• Wear comfortable clothing and walking shoes. 

• Bring any usual walking aids or devices if used (e.g. a cane or walker). 

If the patient is using supplementary oxygen, a second person from the team will safely carry the oxygen therapy equipment throughout the entire test. 

The test is performed by appropriately trained healthcare personnel: nurses, technicians or physiotherapists specialising in respiratory function assessment. 

The personnel supervising the test collect the data and prepare a technical report. The pulmonologist then analyses the results within the clinical context of each patient and determines whether treatment adjustments or additional interventions are required. 

While walking, you may experience some fatigue, a feeling of shortness of breath, a mild cough or an increased heart rate, especially those people with pre-existing limitations. These symptoms are usually temporary and easily controlled. 

At all times, the patient is accompanied by medical personnel who supervise the test and ensure their safety.