Treatment of Age-related Macular Degeneration

AMD, prompt diagnosis is important; preferably, in the early stages of the disease. In early and intermediate AMD, oral antioxidant therapy (vitamin and antioxidant supplements) can be prescribed, which has proven effective in slowing disease progression. For advanced dry AMD, the first medications have appeared, but they are not yet approved in Europe. 

For advanced wet AMD, however, there are several drugs administered through periodic intraocular injections (intravitreal therapy) that slow the progression of the disease. This treatment has dramatically changed the visual prognosis of the disease, as it stabilises vision loss in many cases and, in some cases, improves it. As mentioned, diagnosis of the disease at onset is very important; the earlier the lesion is discovered, the more effective the treatment and the shorter the progression time. 

Smoking worsens all forms of AMD. It is the main modifiable risk factor in relation to the condition’s progress.

There are various specialised optical aids on the market (e.g., filters, magnifiers and electronic systems) which can improve vision quality and be helpful in advanced cases where there is visual impairment. You should consult your preferred optician.