Living with Glaucoma

Diet. It is recommendable to follow a balanced diet rich in vitamins A, B, C and E or minerals such as calcium, and protein. Lutein and zeaxanthine found in spinach and pumpkin are also recommended for good visual function. Antioxidants such as dark chocolate and red wine (in moderation) are also known to have a beneficial effect. Glaucoma patients should avoid too much caffeine because in high doses it has been shown to cause an increase in intraocular pressure.

Exercise. Some studies suggest that physically fit people have a lower eye pressure than those who do not practise regular exercise. It is advisable to exercise outdoors because it helps oxygenate the body. Patients who practise yoga regularly must avoid inverted poses as they increase the pressure in the eye. Swimmers must avoid wearing goggle that place pressure on the eyeballs. Patients who are taking eye drops with beta-blockers may notice a decline in their athletic performance. Patients must restrict their sporting activity for 3 months following glaucoma surgery.

Sexual health. Some glaucoma medications in eye drop form (such as beta-blockers) may cause erectile dysfunction, which should be discussed with patients beforehand. At the same time, caution is needed with medications used to treat erectile dysfunction (such as Viagra® and similar drugs), as they may reduce blood flow to the optic nerve and potentially lead to vision loss.

Travelling. There is no need to stop flying on airplanes as the cabin is pressurised. However, patients must always remember to take their hypotensive eye drops with them as the treatment must be taken on a daily basis.

Social and emotional support. Patients with glaucoma often experience psychological consequences of a disease that, without proper treatment, can be highly disabling, as well as the effects of long-term topical medication, which may cause ocular discomfort (irritation, dryness). Patient associations can provide support, information, and assistance to help individuals cope with living with the disease.