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Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a benign disease that occurs when stomach acid rises into the oesophagus (the tube connecting the stoma...
Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a procedure to transfer faecal microbiota from a healthy person’s processed stool sample into the intest...
Achalasia is a disorder of the oesophagus that makes it difficult for food and liquid to move from the oesophagus to the stomach. This is because t...
Computed Tomography combined with Positron Emission Tomography or PET-CT is a nuclear medicine diagnostic test that combines two different techniqu...
Tinnitus or ringing in the ears is a noise heard by a person but which does not come from an external source. It can occur in one or both ears.
A parotid tumour describes an abnormal growth of cells in the parotid gland, one of the main salivary glands. Most of these tumours are benign in n...
Facial paralysis is a disease that appears when the facial nerve responsible for sending signals to the muscles that provide movement and expressio...
Mitral regurgitation is a heart condition that occurs when the mitral valve does not close properly. This valve as well as three other valves (the...
Smoking is a chronic and addictive disease. It is considered a disease because it affects the health of the person who smokes. Chronic, because it...
A lumbar puncture is a procedure used to diagnose different medical conditions. It is performed by inserting a needle between two vertebrae in the...
Anorectal manometry is a test to obtain information on the functioning of the end part of the intestine (rectum and anus). This diagnostic techniqu...
Illness anxiety disorder or hypochondria is an excessive, irrational and persistent concern about one's own health. The person worries because they...
Oesophageal manometry is a test to determine the proper functioning of the oesophagus by measuring the pressure and movements of its muscles.
24-hour Oesophageal pH monitoring is a test to detect whether the acidic contents of the stomach rise into the oesophagus; that is, whether gastro-...
Polysomnography (PSG) is a detailed sleep study to diagnose sleep disorders.
Portal thrombosis or portal vein thrombosis is a disease that occurs when a blood clot forms inside the hepatic portal vein, which carries blood fr...
Vitiligo is a chronic disease that affects the skin, manifesting itself in the form of patches that lose pigmentation; these are known by dermatolo...
A biopsy is a medical procedure in which a small sample of tissue or cells is taken from a suspicious area of the body for laboratory microscopic...
Hip dysplasia is an abnormality in the hip socket (acetabulum) which does not completely cover the head of the femur. It causes the femur (thigh bo...